Gynecomastia can be defined as male breast enlargement due to genetic problems, hormonal imbalances, liver disorders, cirrhosis, cancer, alcohol dependence, long-term medication use, or excessive weight. Gynecomastia may result from an abnormal increase in either fat or glandular tissue in the chest area, or both.

Temporary gynecomastia may occur in male children during puberty. As the name suggests, this condition is likely temporary; the excess breast tissue usually resolves spontaneously by ages 17-18 without the need for surgery. If gynecomastia persists into adulthood, surgery is necessary. Gynecomastia surgery involves the removal of excess breast tissue that causes an unpleasant appearance and reduces men’s confidence and life motivation, using liposuction (fat removal) or surgical methods. Gynecomastia cannot be corrected through exercise or diet. With gynecomastia surgery, men can achieve an aesthetic body safely, comfortably, and healthily without feeling the need to hide their chest.

How is gynecomastia surgery performed?

The plastic surgeon first conducts a consultation to determine which method to use based on the structure of the breast enlargement. The gynecomastia operation is performed in an operating room under general anesthesia and takes approximately 1-2 hours. In cases caused by fat tissue, the liposuction technique is used. In this method, fat is broken down using ultrasonic waves, liquefied, and removed from the body via vacuum. A 3-4 millimeter incision is made in the area to insert a cannula (thin tube) for suction. Since these incisions are tiny, no visible scars remain after the procedure.

For gynecomastia caused by both fat and glandular tissue, the surgical method is applied. The incision is made in a crescent shape between the nipple and the surrounding skin, completely concealing the scar. This method also allows removal of excess skin along with fat and glandular tissue. Using modern technology and an aesthetic approach, gynecomastia surgery is performed without leaving any visible marks. Patients are discharged the same day or the day after surgery. If the patient does not perform physically demanding work, they can return to daily life within 3-4 days.

Postoperative care after gynecomastia surgery

During the first few days after surgery, only mild pain may be felt, which can be managed with painkillers. To achieve the desired chest shape, the area is tightly bandaged after surgery. Bandages can be removed, and showers can be taken, two days after the operation.

One week after surgery, light activities such as swimming, running, basketball, or soccer can be resumed. Heavy sports, such as bodybuilding, should be avoided for one month, and lifting heavy objects should also be avoided during this time. Wearing a compression garment for one month is important to allow the chest to achieve its final shape. Mild firmness in the chest may be felt for up to three months. By six months, the body takes its final form, and the results appear natural, as if no surgery was performed.

Can gynecomastia recur?

Gynecomastia is unlikely to recur unless there is significant weight gain or alcohol dependence.